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PRAXIS Writing Section 試験

最新更新時間: 2024/03/19,合計104問。

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Question No : 1
Determine whether the underlined portion of the sentence below is correct or whether it needs to be revised. Choose the correct option.
McCarthyism was an ideology and an applied pursuit that arose in the middle of the twentieth century and targeted communists in the United States state department.

正解:
Explanation:
The original choice is wrong strictly for the lack of capitalization of “State Department.” Choice “McCarthyism was an ideology, an applied pursuit that arose in the middle of the twentieth century, targeted communists in the United States state department” complicates problems more than “McCarthyism was an ideology and an applied pursuit that arose in the middle of the twentieth century and targeted communists in the United States state department” by deleting certain words that turn the sentence into a run-on sentence. Choice “McCarthyism was an ideology and an applied pursuit that arose in the middle of the twentieth century and targeted Communists in the United States state department” fails to capitalize “State Department” (it needs to be capitalized because it is a proper noun ― the United States State Department, not just “a state department”). Although choice “McCarthyism will be an ideology and an applied pursuit that arose in the middle of the twentieth century and targeted communists in the United States” corrects the capitalization error, it changes “was” to “will be,” which is an illogical verb tense (i.e. future) because later in the sentence it is stated that the ideology arose “in the middle of the twentieth century,” which has already passed. Choice “McCarthyism was an ideology and an applied pursuit that arose in the middle of the twentieth century and targeted communists in the United States State department” corrects the capitalization error and leaves the sentence as it is. Sometimes just minor changes are needed.

Question No : 2
Determine whether the underlined portion of the sentence below is correct or whether it needs to be revised. Choose the correct option.
Plenty of high school students spend their time involved in the community by working with peers, young children and also helping senior citizens.

正解:
Explanation:
By breaking the parallelism (continuity of a pattern, in this case), the underlined portion of this sentence must be changed. By simply changing “also helping senior citizens” to “senior citizens” the list is clearly discussing people in the community from various age groups. Each other choice besides “spend their time involved in the community by working with peers, young children and senior citizens” uses incorrect pronouns (i.e. his) and/or parallel structure (i.e. also helping senior citizens).

Question No : 3
Determine whether the underlined portion of the sentence below is correct or whether it needs to be revised. Choose the correct option.
Study the ancient fighting art of Hapkido and you will learn to avoid directly matching your strength against your opponents.

正解:
Explanation:
“yours against your opponent” doesn’t say what’s being matched with what. “your strength against your opponent”, “your strength with your opponent”, and “your opponent's strength against one's own” all have some sort of parallelism error.

Question No : 4
Determine whether the underlined portion of the sentence below is correct or whether it needs to be revised. Choose the correct option.
Since the work force is becoming increasingly competitive in light of technological advances and outsourcing, therefore, it is even more basic for students to complete high school and attain at least a bachelor’s degree.

正解:
Explanation:
This sentence is a run-on sentence and can be fixed with the deletion of one word: “therefore.” By beginning with a conjunction such as “Since” the sentence already has a descriptive clause in motion and just needs to be followed by a succinct (brief) statement of what the background of the first clause was describing. All of the choices except choice “it is even more basic for students to complete high school and attain at least a bachelor’s degree.” use this erroneous second conjunction (i.e. therefore, moreover, but, so), so they must be eliminated. Choice “it is even more basic for students to complete high school and attain at least a bachelor’s degree” is grammatically sound.

Question No : 5
Determine whether the underlined portion of the sentence below is correct or whether it needs to be revised. Choose the correct option.
A shockingly indelible moment, I remember exactly where I was and what I was doing when I found out that Kurt Cobain had died.

正解:
Explanation:
“A shockingly indelible moment,”, “A shocking, indelible moment,”, “Shocked and indelible,”, and “Shocking and I will never forget it,” all have dangling modifier errors, because they aren’t describing what comes after the comma. Indelible means not able to be erased; you wouldn’t say that about a person in this context.

Question No : 6
Determine whether the underlined portion of the sentence below is correct or whether it needs to be revised. Choose the correct option.
Sports commentators often provide informative and witty insight during games that enhance the sports-watching experience.

正解:
Explanation:
The problem with this sentence is that the second action verb (i.e. enhance) needs to be singular (i.e. enhances) because this verb refers to “insight.” Some readers may believe that because there are two characteristics to the insight (i.e. informative and witty) there should be a plural form of the verb. Choice “enhances the sports-watching experience” and choice “enhances the sports-watching experience for fans” correct this agreement error of the verb; however, choice “enhances the sports-watching experience for fans” is wordy. Obviously, fans are the ones who watch sports, so why restate this. Choice “enhances the sports-watching experience” therefore is most direct and grammatically sound.

Question No : 7
Determine whether the underlined portion of the sentence below is correct or whether it needs to be revised. Choose the correct option.
Lindsey knows that the reason people dislike her is because of her being a Philadelphia Phillies fan.

正解:
Explanation:
“is because of her being a”, “is her being a”, and “is that of her being a” all use “being” incorrectly. “is because she is a” is redundant and therefore not concise: you don’t need to say “the reason” and “because,” one or the other will do.

Question No : 8
Determine whether the underlined portion of the sentence below is correct or whether it needs to be revised. Choose the correct option.
Fraternities are a great way to make friends and learn important lessons of loyalty and compassion.

正解:
Explanation:
The original sentence is correct as written. There is no need to change the verb form or tense.

Question No : 9
Determine whether the underlined portion of the sentence below is correct or whether it needs to be revised. Choose the correct option.
There are many reasons to see I Heart Huckabees, Jason Schwartzman's performance being one reason.

正解:
Explanation:
“Huckabees, Jason Schwartzman's performance being one reason” has “being” and is redundant to boot. “Huckabees, Jason Schwartzman's performance is only one of them” and “Huckabees, the performance of Jason Schwartzman is one of them” are run-ons. “Huckabees; Jason Schwartzman's performance, for one” is semicolon misuse: the semicolon is not followed by an independent clause.

Question No : 10
Determine whether the underlined portion of the sentence below is correct or whether it needs to be revised. Choose the correct option.
Jewelry is an accessory used by members of all classes including watches, necklaces and earrings.

正解:
Explanation:
The problem with this sentence is the misplacement of the clause that describes jewelry. By placing “...including watches, necklaces, and earrings.” after “classes” the reader gets the impression that the classes involves different types of jewelry. By moving the clause, choice “Jewelry, including watches, necklaces and earrings, is an accessory used by members of all classes” and choice “Jewelry, including watches, necklaces and earrings, are an accessory used by members of all classes” improve the sentence.
However, choice “Jewelry, including watches, necklaces and earrings, are an accessory used by members of all classes” commits the error of using a plural form of “to be” (i.e. are) to refer to a collective noun like jewelry that demands a singular verb (i.e. is). Only choice “Jewelry, including watches, necklaces and earrings, is an accessory used by members of all classes” places the clause correctly after “jewelry” and ensures that the verb agrees with the subject.

Question No : 11
Determine whether the underlined portion of the sentence below is correct or whether it needs to be revised. Choose the correct option.
A growing technology trend is to merge multiple devices with complimentary functions such as a phone, music player and the scheduling features of a planner.

正解:
Explanation:
It is informative to include the details about a planner's features, it should be accompanied by the features of a phone and a music player if that is the way the sentence is being written. Therefore, choices “the scheduling features of a planner”, “and a planner with scheduling features”, “and scheduling features” and “scheduling features” are incorrect. Choice “and a planner with scheduling features” and “and scheduling features” even add “and” again making the sentence read “...music player and and...” which is clearly wrong. Be careful; the test wants to catch you off guard. Only choice “a planner” is direct and maintains parallelism.

Question No : 12
Determine whether the underlined portion of the sentence below is correct or whether it needs to be revised. Choose the correct option.
Learning a new language can be difficult for people after one reaches a certain age; abilities needed to retain and apply new linguistic information deteriorate with time.

正解:
Explanation:
The underlined portion of this sentence is wrong because the sentence refers to people in general. Because a plural third person form of a pronoun is needed (because of the reference to “people”), “one” ,“it”, and “you” are all inappropriate responses. Choice “after one reaches a certain age”, “after it reaches a certain age” and “after you reach a certain age” are all incorrect. Choice “after they reach a certain age” is better than choice “after they reaches certain ages” because of the implied logic. People can reach a defined age; it is odd to say that multiple people are simultaneously reaching multiple ages ― what is certain then? It’s almost an oxymoron to say certain ages in this context, although it is perfectly fine in other situations (i.e. This board game is only for people of certain ages). Yet the more defining difference is the singular verb form of choice “after they reaches certain ages” (i.e. reaches) mistakenly in place of the plural verb form of choice “after they reach a certain age” (i.e. reach).

Question No : 13
Determine whether the underlined portion of the sentence below is correct or whether it needs to be revised. Choose the correct option.
Most of my favorite movies contain slapstick humor, however physical comedy is not the only way to make me laugh.

正解:
Explanation:
“slapstick humor, however physical comedy is not” is a run-on: “however” is NOT a conjunction. “slapstick humor, and physical comedy is not” and “slapstick humor; physical comedy is not” are missing contrast. “slapstick humor, but it is not physical comedy that is” is not at all concise.

Question No : 14
Determine whether the underlined portion of the sentence below is correct or whether it needs to be revised. Choose the correct option.
In countries such as China the government is recognizing the advantages of a capitalist market rather than communism and adjust economic policy accordingly.

正解:
Explanation:
The problem with this sentence is in parallel structure. The test is very particular about being consistent about the forms of words used. So specifically since the sentence refers to a capitalist market, then the sentence must refer to a communist market ― not communism, which is an ideology rather than a market system in this context. Only choices “capitalist market rather than Communism and adjust”, “capitalist market rather than a communist market and adjusting” and “Capitalistic market nor a Communist market and adjusting” remain. Choice “Capitalistic market nor a Communist market and adjusting” commits terrible capitalization (neither “capitalist” nor “communist”) mistakes and structure errors (where does the “nor” fit in? It does not.) Only choice “capitalist market rather than Communism and adjust” and choice “capitalist market rather than a communist market and adjusting” remain now, but “capitalist market rather than Communism and adjust” mistakenly capitalizes communism and does not change “adjust” to match the parallel verb (i.e. recognizing). Choice “capitalist market rather than a communist market and adjusting” uses the right adjective forms of capitalism and communism, does not make capitalization errors and maintains parallel sentence structure.

Question No : 15
Determine whether the underlined portion of the sentence below is correct or whether it needs to be revised. Choose the correct option.
A consummate gentleman, Stefan's etiquette and social grace was unmatched.

正解:
Explanation:
“Stefan's etiquette and social grace was unmatched”, “Stefan's etiquette and social grace were unmatched”, “Stefan's etiquette as well as his social grace were unmatched”, and “Stefan's social grace was matched only by his etiquette” are all dangling modifiers. Choice “Stefan's etiquette and social grace was unmatched” has a verb agreement problem, too.

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